Personal pronouns
| SINGULAR | PLURAL | |
|---|---|---|
| 1st person | io sono I am | noi siamo we are |
| 2nd person | tu sei you are (singular) | voi siete you are (plural) |
| 3rd person | ♀lei / ♂lui è (he/she is) | ♀♂ loro sono (they are) |
Notes:
- In general, personal pronouns are not used very often in Italian. They are usually omitted because you can tell what the subject of a sentence is from the conjugation of the verb:
(Io) sono Marta; (Noi) siamo amici.
I am Marta; We are friends.
- We use voi both formally and informally to address several people at once.
Voi siete i miei migliori amici, Lara e Marcello!
You are my best friends, Lara and Marcello!
Voi siete molto ospitali, signori Rossi!
You are very hospitable, Mr. and Mrs. Rossi!
- Lei and Voi are both used as the formal, singular “you”. They are both traditionally written with an uppercase letter, even in the middle of a sentence, although this is increasingly rare in modern Italian. Lei is more commonly used than Voi, which is mainly limited to certain regions of Southern Italy or legal contexts.
Lei è molto gentile / Voi siete molto gentile.
You (formal) are very kind.
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